“These professionals have functioned for years without the ability to bill for their essential clinical services. This has become apparent to me through the years that I have served as the medical director of the Duke Cardiac Rehabilitation Program. We were stymied by the inability of our clinical exercise physiologists—the frontline providers of our cardiac rehabilitation program—to serve as the billing provider for our care. In addition, as a consequence of this deficiency, these outstanding members of our health care team do not have a direct career path.” – William E. Kraus, M.D., FACSM